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The use of a competitor's trademark in a paid advertisement constitutes an act of infringement.

The firm has just obtained an interesting decision in a dispute concerning the unauthorized use of a client’s brand in a paid advertisement published on a search engine to divert customers to its site The Nancy Court of Justice has just condemned this competitor for the acts of infringement committed.  

In this case, the plaintiff company has developed a nutritional rehabilitation program, which it provides as part of its network of agencies, which source adapted food products from it and registered a trademark to develop this activity.|||UNTRANSLATED_CONTENT_START|||Elle remarque, et fait constater qu’une société e-commerce, spécialisée dans la commercialisation des produits de régime, publie sur plusieurs moteurs de recherche, des annonces publicitaires, dans laquelle elle mentionne. 

Contrainte d’assigner pour obtenir la réparation des préjudices subi, le débat judiciaire va alors porter sur le fait de savoir si cette reprise illicite dans le texte de l’annonce publicitaire payante constituait un acte de contrefaçon de droit de marques. 

En défense, la partie adverse contestait tout acte de contrefaçon en axant principalement son argumentation sur les jurisprudences rendus en matière d’achats de mots clés, qui ne constituent pas des actes de contrefaçon, ni de parasitisme, dans la mesure où cela n’emporte pas confusion dans l’esprit de la clientèle. 

Nous arguions en demande qu’un affichage en première position sur les pages de résultat internet, par des recherches utilisant des mots clés désignant des compléments aliments et mentionnant un signe similaire à la marque invoquée, puis dirigeant le consommateur par un lien hyper texte vers le site d’une société concurrente qui vend ses propres compléments alimentaires, établissait l’existence d’un risque de confusion dans l’esprit du public., comme en avait pu en juger la Cour de cassation. 

C’est en ce sens que va juger le Tribunal judiciaire de Nancy :  

« Or, il convient de rappeler que par principe, l’achat d’une marque concurrente comme mot-clé pour une annonce publicitaire n’est pas répréhensible en tant quel tel, sous réserve que cet achat ne porte pas atteinte aux fonctions essentielles de la marque enregistrée et de la protection de ses droits afférents. |||UNTRANSLATED_CONTENT_END|||An economic operator is thus not prohibited from acquiring a competitor’s company name or brand as a keyword in an online advertisement if it does not include the competitor’s company name or brand in the title of the advertisement. 

Thus, by making the RNPC brand, owned by GROUPE ETHIQUE ET SANTE, appear in the very title of its commercial advertisement, DEVINELLE has undermined the essential function of the RNPC brand, which consists in guaranteeing consumers the original identity of the product. Indeed, the configuration used by the company DEVINELLE suggested the existence of an economic link between the company DEVINELLE as advertiser and the company GROUPE ETHIQUE ET SANTE as trademark owner. It follows in particular that the normally informed and reasonably observant Internet user has not been able to know, on the basis of this promotional link, whether the advertiser is a third party in relation to the trademark owner or whether it was economically linked to the latter. 

  

This decision is interesting, and reminds us that digital marketing actions must be conducted in compliance with trademark law, and implemented in a fair manner. 

TJ of Nancy, April 23, 2025, No. RG 24/00343  

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